Supersedes #33577.

Summary

• Replace queryAny's 11 separate DNS queries with a single ANY query by adding RecordType::ANY support to op_dns_resolve. For ANY queries, each record's actual type is used for formatting, and a record_type field is included to let the JS layer distinguish untagged string variants (A vs NS vs PTR vs CNAME).
• Implement retry logic in the DNS resolver: timeout doubles on each retry attempt, capped by the new maxTimeout option.
• Distinguish Interrupted (explicit cancel - don't retry) from TimedOut (hickory timeout - retry if attempts remain). This fixes the cancel regression from fix(ext/node): dns resolveAny with real ANY query, retry/maxTimeout support #33577 where Interrupted was retried, causing test-dns-channel-cancel.js to hang for 20s.
• Add maxTimeout option validation to the Resolver constructor (valid range: 0 to 2^31-1).
• Keep the short hickory timeout when cancel handle is present (from fix(ext/node): implement dns Resolver cancel() and timeout support #33580) so background resolver tasks clean up quickly after cancellation.

Enables 3 more Node.js compat tests:

• parallel/test-dns-resolveany.js
• parallel/test-dns-resolveany-bad-ancount.js
• parallel/test-dns-resolver-max-timeout.js

Test plan

• ./x test-compat test-dns-resolveany - both pass (resolveany + bad-ancount)
• ./x test-compat test-dns-resolver-max-timeout passes
• test-dns-channel-cancel.js passes in ~96ms (no regression)
• test-dns-channel-timeout.js passes
• All existing enabled DNS compat tests pass
• tools/format.js and tools/lint.js --js pass